Jules Cavaillès was born in Carmaux on June 20, 1901. After studying at Albi high school and then a preparatory class for Arts and Crafts in Castres, he left for Paris to follow the artistic teachings of Pierre and Paul-Albert Laurens. From 1923 to 1925, he took classes at the Académie Julian and met Roger Limouse with whom he formed a solid friendship and shared the same studio. He is marked by Fauvism and his admiration goes straight to André Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck, Georges Braque and Henri Matisse. Then it was towards Auguste Renoir and Pierre Bonnard that his interest turned. Cavaillès very often met Bonnard during his stays in the South, where he went to visit him in his studio in Le Cannet. In 1936, Cavaillès obtained the Blumenthal scholarship and lived exclusively from his art. He frequently takes part in festive evenings and dinners in the company of André Warnod or Paul Poiret. His spirit, his joie de vivre and his enthusiasm are known and appreciated by all. The Second World War marked his return to Albi where he joined the Resistance and joined the Combat group. Heavily involved in the Albigensian artistic community, his reputation is international. In the aftermath of the war, he was appointed by Jean Cassou as head of requisitions then curator at the Musée des Augustins in Toulouse until he was reinstated in his post as professor of Decorative Arts in Paris. He is part of the movement of painters of poetic reality, nicknamed "The painter of happiness". In the 1950s, Jules Cavaillès exhibited many times not only in Paris but also in New York, London, Geneva and Brussels. He travels on the Côte d'Azur, wins numerous prizes and creates sets. He owns a house in Normandy where he receives his artist friends: Vlaminck, Braque, Legueult… Until the end of his life, Jules Cavaillès travels extensively in Europe. He also travels to New York and Japan. He was elected member of the jury of several prestigious competitions: the Grand Prix de Rome (1959) and the International Prize for Drawing (1976).
On January 29, 1977, he died in Epineuil.