Penumbral Polarimeter-saccharimeter De Laurent

Penumbral polarimeter/saccharimeter from the 19th century. Practical adaptation of the polarimeter intended to measure the sugar content of a solution, it was invented by Léon Laurent (1840-1909), who also left his name to another device: a dark polarimeter, presented to the Academy Sciences in 1874 and from which stems the saccharimeter, presented by Cornu in 1882. Laurent is the nephew and successor (in 1872) of Henri Soleil who, in 1849, took over part of the factory of scientific instruments created in 1819 by his father Jean-Baptiste, inventor of the saccharimeter bearing his name. Laurent will sell his company to Amédée Jobin in 1892, which will become Jobin-Yvon in 1923.
Laurent's polarimeter has three uses: determining the specific optical rotation of different substances; determine the concentration of a substance optically; measure the sugar concentration of a solution (the polarimeter then becomes a saccharimeter). For these three uses, a light source (sodium vapor lamp) is necessary.
Inscription engraved near the eyepiece: Laurent sucr. de Soleil / rue de l'Odeon, Paris.

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