19th Century, Russia, Icon Of The 12 Holidays

19th century, Russia
Icon of the 12 holidays
Tempera on table, cm 57 x 51

The icon, from the Greek eikon, image, presents the narration of some episodes of the life of the Virgin and Jesus, constituting a treatise on color theology. The icon in analysis, called "of the twelve feasts", includes in separate boxes the traditional representation of all the most important feasts for the liturgical calendar of the Orthodox Church. The icons depicting the 12 festivals keep fixed number but may undergo some variations iconographic.
In the icon analyzed twelve episodes are arranged around a larger scene, at the center of the table. The central episode refers to the Resurrection of Christ and his descent into hell. The figuration is divided into two overlapping scenes; at the top there is Christ, enclosed in an almond of light, symbol of his divine nature, hidden by that human, who rises from the tomb. The almond tree that surrounds the figure of Christ indicates the glory radiated by the divine person who is the incarnate Word. Below, Christ, always in an almond of light, is depicted in the Limbo among the patriarchs of the Old Testament, intent on freeing and bringing to heaven the souls of the blessed.
Following the Byzantine tradition, around the twelve episodes related to the Despotic festivals, in memory of events of the life of Christ, and the Theomirotic festivals, relating to the Mother of God. The icon in question shows: The Nativity of the Virgin (8 September), the presentation of the Mother of God at the temple (21 November), the Annunciation (25 March), the Nativity (December 25), the presentation of Christ in the Temple (February 2), the Baptism of Christ (January 6), the entrance to Jerusalem (Palm Sunday), the Transfiguration (August 6), the Ascension, the Holy Trinity of the Old Testament, the Exaltation of the cross (14 September) and the Dormition of the Mother of God (15 August).
The icon of the 12 festivals, for its iconography, is an example of a permanent liturgical-biblical catechesis and in the churches of Eastern rite constitutes an essential element of the iconostasis (The partition wall separating the nave, decorated with icons). 

The object is in good condition

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