Manufacture de Meissen Created by Auguste Le Fort, the Meissen factory was the first porcelain factory in Europe, after the discovery by the chemist Frédéric Bottger in 1709 of the principles of the manufacture of porcelain and the essential kaolin.From 1720 to 1731, the decorator Johann Grégor Höroldt took up extremely refined models and decorations of Far Eastern inspiration; it was the pictorial period of Meissen. The manufacture then renewed its productions with the "deutsche blumen" of a naturalistic rendering. It also produced, under the influence of Kändler who will officiate from 1731 to 1763, rock style objects, statuettes of scenes from everyday life or characters from the commedia dell'arte, Sax figurines e. It also produced the first porcelain tableware services. In the second half of the 18th century, it came under the growing influence of Sèvres and produced objects decorated with landscapes or genre scenes, classic biscuit statuettes and objects of neo-classical taste. Since 1712, the brand of the manufacture has been formed by two crossed swords painted blue.